CCAC NDC Watch - Pre-COP Review of the Latest Non-CO₂ Pollutants in National Climate Plans
Last week, the UNFCCC Secretariat published a report analyzing 64 new nationally determined contributions (NDCs) submitted in 2025 up to 30th September. The report shows ongoing and growing progress in climate action.
Our review reveals that countries under the Paris Agreement are more frequently addressing super pollutants as part of their greenhouse gas reduction strategies. This is evident in the rising number of countries including these pollutants in their overall mitigation targets. Compared to the NDCs submitted before 2020, the latest NDCs show increases of 22% for methane and nitrous oxide, and 61% for HFCs.
Though not formally required (see CCAC Guidance), inclusion of black carbon in NDCs has doubled, and coverage of non-methane tropospheric ozone precursors has tripled. This signals greater ambition regarding these pollutants.
The report also notes significant growth in countries setting additional quantified targets or evaluating the mitigation potential of their measures. Previously almost non-existent, this approach has now been adopted by more countries. For instance:
- 35 countries include a quantified methane target or mitigation assessment.
- 23 countries do so for HFCs.
- 9 countries do so for black carbon.
"The number of countries covering methane, nitrous oxide, and HFCs has increased by 22%, 22%, and 61% respectively compared to pre-2020 NDCs."
"Inclusion of black carbon doubled, while non-methane tropospheric ozone precursors tripled, indicating increased ambition on both pollutants."
"As of 30 September, 35 countries include a quantified methane target or assessment of mitigation potential in their latest NDC."
Author's summary: The latest NDCs show notable increases in commitments to reduce super pollutants, reflecting stronger global ambition and more detailed mitigation planning than before 2020.
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